Efficiency of Colocynth Citrullus colocynthis Extracts in Controlling Mosquito Larvae Culex pipiens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63359/pz26ay86Keywords:
Citrullus colocynthis, mosquito larvae, extract, temperature, salinity, LC50, toxicity,Abstract
This study evaluates the efficacy of Colocynth Citrullus colocynthis extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) in controlling the larvae of Culex pipiens, a common mosquito species and vector for various diseases. The impact of temperature (20-35°C) and salinity (2-8 mS/cm) on the toxicity and effectiveness of these extracts was investigated. The results showed that both extracts demonstrated increased toxicity with higher temperatures and salinity levels. The aqueous extract exhibited a higher toxicity compared to the alcoholic extract, with an LC50 of 0.10 mg/L at 35°C and 8 mS/cm salinity, while the alcoholic extract had an LC50 of 0.19 mg/L under the same conditions. The highest efficiency was observed with the aqueous extract at 35°C, where the degradation rate of larvae was significantly higher. These findings suggest that C. colocynthis extracts could serve as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in mosquito control, with significant potential for use in integrated pest management systems.
References
الحافظ، يوسف صالح، (2007) دراسة بيئية أحيائية لأسماك الجمبوزيا Mosquito fish ,gambusia affinis في المنطقة الشرقية بالمملكة العربية السعودية. الرياض.
الزبيدي، حمزة كاظم. (1992). المقاومة الحيوية للآفات. جامعة الموصل/كلية الزراعة والغابات. 397صفحة.
السلمان، ابراهيم مهدي، المثناني ،عبدالسلام محمد ،السعيدي ،محمد علي محمد (2007 ف) أساسيات علم البيئة، جامعة سبها ليبيا، دار الكتب الوطنية بنغازي.
شعبان، عواد، ونزار مصطفى الملاح، 1993 المبيدات، وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي، دار الكتب للطباعة والنشر، جامعة الموصل.
العادل، خالد محمد وعبد، مولود كامل (1979). المبيدات الكيميائية في وقاية النبات – مطبعة جامعة الموصل. 397 صفحة
عبد الحميد، زيدان هنيدي، (1990)، الآفات الحشرية والحيوانية ،المكتبة الأكاديمية.
عفيفي, فتحي أحمد وعطي, محمد السيد (2002), المستخلصات النباتية والفاعلية البيولوجية , الطبعة الأولى, مكتبة الثقافة الدينية.بور سعيد. مصر.338ص.
القاضي، عبدالله عبد الحكيم وحسين ،أبو بشير محمد عناية (1986).النباتات الطبية في ليبيا.ط1.الهيئة القومية للبحث العلمي،طرابلس/ليبيا.
Abdul Rahuman ; Venkatesan, P. and Gopalakrishnan, G. 2009. Mosquito larvicidal activity of oleic and linoleic acids isolatedfrom Citrullus colocynthis (Linn.) Schrad. Parasitol Res 103:1383–1390. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-1146-6
Alder , A 2001. Potential of Phyto – chemicals for the Prevention , detection and control of Pest insects in integrate stored Product Protection. Federal Biological research center for Agriculture , Konigin – Luise- Str. 19 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany.
Cavalcecant, G.; Carrano, A. y. and Dias, S. (2006). Potencialidade inseticida de extratos aquosos de esencias florestais sobre mosca branca. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasilleira. 41 : 9- 14. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2006000100002
Das, M. Kand Ansari M.A. (2003). Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan marinii marrinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. Journal of vector borne diseases. 40 (3-4) :100-4.
Dias, Napal ; Defago, G.N.; Valladares, M.T and Palacios, G. R.S.M. 2010. Response of Epilachna paenulata to two flavonoids, pinocembrin and quercet,in acomparrative study. J. Chem Ecol. 36 :898-904 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9823-1
Gusmao , D S.; Pascoa, v ; Mathias, L; Vieira, I. JC ; Braz Filho , R. and Lemos , F. J. A (2002). Derris (Lonchocarpus) urucu (Legumionsea) extract modifies the peritrophic matrix structure of Ades aegypti (Diptera : Culicidea) Mem Inst. Oswaldo Cruz.97(3):371-375. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762002000300017
Hepher , B ,1988. Nutrition of Pond Fishes Cambridge univ. Press ,Cambridge , 388PP.
Holder, P.; Browne, G. and Bullians, M. (1999).The mosquitoes of New Zealand and their animal disease significance. Surveillance 26 (4) : 12-15.
Kelany, I M. 2001. Plants extracts and utilization of their Products for safe agricultural Production and for ceduction environmental Pollution. Plant Protection Dept. Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University Egypt.
Kareru, P.; Rotich, Zk.K. and Maina,E.L (2013). Use of Botanicals and Safer Insecticides Designed in Controlling Insects. The African Case, Insecticides- Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies.299 P. https://doi.org/10.5772/53924
Love , R. M,1980.the Chemical Biology of fishes , Vol. 2, Advances 1986-1977. Academic press , London,547 PP.
Moshen, Z.H.and Mehdi,N.S. (1989).Effect of insect growth inhibitor lsysine on quinquefasciatus Say. (Diptera:Culicidae).Insect. Sci.Appl.,10 (1) :29-33. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742758400003301
Okogun G.R ;Nwoke B.;Okere A.;Anosike J. and Esekhegbe A. (2003). Epideminologicai implications of preferences of breeding sites of mosquitoes species in Midwestern Nigeria. Ann. Agric. Environ.med.;10 (2) : 217-222.
Rejesus , B. M and Tantengco , G.B. 1986. Biologicaul activity of flower extracts insecticide (Philippines) NSTA. Technol.J. Philippines,11:37- 46.
Rizk, A. M. and Gratz NG, Jany WC (1994). What role for insecticides in vector control programs? Am J Trop Med Hyg 50 (6 Suppl) :11–20 . https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.6_suppl.tm05006s0011
Sayeda, F.F.; Trokey, H.M. and Abou-Yosef, H.M. 2009. Naturaral extracts and their chemical constituents in relation to toxicity against whaite fly (Bemisia tabaci) and Aphid (Aphis crasccivora).Australian Journal of basic and Applied Sciences, 3 (4) :3217-3223.
Shaalian, E; Canyon. D.V.; Younes, M.and Mansour, A.A. (2005). A review of botanical phytochemical with Mosquitocidal potential. Environ. 31: 1149-1166.
Spielman, A. and Dantonio, M. (2004). Mosquitoes. Makays of chatham, Ple chatham. Kent. 247PP.
Sukumar. K.; perich. M. J. and Boobar.L.R. (1999). Botanical derivatives in mosquito control-a review.J. Am Mosq-Cont Assoc., 7:210-231.
Tuubel , E ; Toom , T . and Metspalu, L. 2001 . The influence of Pyrethrins on large white butterfly (Pieris brassicae L.) Larvae .Institute of Plant Protection , Estonian Agriculture University . PP :147- 152.
Zayed, A. B.; Suumlas,D. E., and Hanafi, A.2006. use of bioassay and microplant assay to detect and measure insecticide resistance in field population of Culex pipiens from filariasis endemic areas of Egypt.J. Amer. Mosq. Cont. Ass. 22 : 473-482. https://doi.org/10.2987/8756-971x(2006)22[473:uobama]2.0.co;2
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Libyan Journal of Ecological & Environmental Sciences and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
